Aspect Markers
了/过 vs 着
completed/experienced vs ongoing state
Comparison / 对比
| 了/过 le/guò | 着 zhe | |
|---|---|---|
| 了 | Completed: 他吃了饭 | Changed state: 下雨了 |
| 过 | Experience: 我去过中国 | Have done before |
| 着 | Ongoing state: 门开着 | Background: 他笑着说 |
| Negative | 没+V: 没吃 | 没+V+过: 没去过 |
Examples / 例句
了/过: 我吃了午饭。/ 我去过北京。
I ate lunch. / I have been to Beijing.
着: 门开着呢，快关上。
The door is open — close it.
Quick rule: 了 = just happened or changed. 过 = experienced before. 着 = state continuing NOW. Test: 吃了 (finished eating) vs 吃过 (have eaten before) vs 吃着饭看电视 (eating while watching TV).
Fill in the Blank / 填空练习
Type the correct word to complete each sentence. Press Enter or click Check.
你以前吃北京烤鸭吗？
外面下雨，别忘了带伞。
他昨天买一双新鞋。
Quick Quiz / 小测验
墙上挂一幅画。
Ongoing state (hanging there) → 着.
你中国菜吗？好不好吃？
Past experience → 过.
他已经走，你找不到他了。
Completed action (he left) → 了.